Green Synthesis of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticles and their Effect on Inhibition Growth of Bacteria

Nanotechnology begins with the characterization, production, and possible uses of a wide range of nanoscale materials. Because of their high surface-to-volume ratio and other essential features, nanomaterials have served as a platform for researchers in a variety of domains throughout the last few decades. In the field of nanobiotechnology, the fabrication of environmentally friendly and reliable nanoparticles is important. Among nanoparticles, zirconium nanoparticles are biocompatible and possess distinct mechanical, electrical, and optical properties that attract the attention of many researchers. Zirconium nanoparticles receive many diverse biomedical applications due to their distinctive antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-fungal properties. In recent decades, an environmentally friendly and safe approach has been developed to produce nanoparticles avoiding dangerous by-products. One of these safe methods is the bio-green approach. Pollution and diseases resulting from bacterial infections are major issues that can be solved completely or partially using nanotechnology. Many bacterial species are pathogenic to humans and other organisms, and some of them are resistant to drugs, so continuous research is required to address this problem. In this review, zirconium oxide and its antibacterial applications are studied.